URL Shortener

URL shortening service architecture with separate create and redirect paths, Redis caching layer, PostgreSQL storage, and async analytics pipeline via message queue.

URL Shortener
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Requirements

Functional

  • Users can create short URLs from long URLs
  • Short URL redirects to original URL
  • Shortened URLs are unique and collision-free
  • System tracks click analytics per URL
  • URLs have a configurable expiration time
  • Custom aliases supported for paid users
  • Rate limiting on URL creation

Non-Functional

  • Redirect latency under 50ms at p99
  • High availability — 99.99% uptime
  • Handles 10K URL creations per second
  • Handles 100K redirects per second
  • Analytics processing is eventually consistent
Author
ashbrook
Published
February 23, 2026

Last updated February 23, 2026

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